All about Phone Screen, PPI, Resolution, Gamut, Gorilla Glass
Greeting MIUIers!
Welcome back to the MIUI Device Classroom . We are back with our second lesson with some of the very important and interesting topics.
In the first lesson prepared by @marcus_keong we have learnt about the specifications which weshould look for when choosing a smartphone. And if you have still not gone through the first lesson just go through it here.
And now in today's class we will learn and uderstand about Phone Screen, the PPI we all used to chant when a new device comes to market, The Resolution of a device which is another important factor while buying a new device, and about the Gorilla Glass. So lets start with Phone Screen.
1. Phone Screen
Mobile phones have progressed a lot since the days we only needed to see the number of person calling us. And when the text messaging facality was added we thought of a bit more space to read what we had writeen. And then came the stage of adding some colours to give mobiles a bit more interest. And then came the stage of adding camras and we were looking for some more sharper screens to see out pixelated VGA photos taken by our device :P
And then we got the ability for watching and storing videos, we wanted them to be smooth and having good refresh rates.
But now times have changed we expect our devices to be as good as our computer screens, offering us with crisp text and some of the vibrant images and also blur-free videos. Outdoor visibility is also one such factor which consumers look for. Here I will explain about different mobile screen types. TFT-LCD
TFT is Thin Film Transistor technology. The TFT LCDs are one of the most common types fo display that are used across devices. TFT offers a better overall image quality and somehow higher resolutions as compared to earlier versions of LCD displays, but it has narrow viewing angles and poor visibility in direct sunlight. Since it is cheaper to manufacture so you can see it on more number of budget devices and low end smartphones.
IPS-LCD
IPS means In-place Switching. If you start comparing TFT alongside IPS, then IPS is btter display with wider viewing angles and lower power consumption which automatically gives improved battery life. However these are costlier than any normal TFT LCD so you will find this on high end smartphones. One interesting fact is Apple iPhone used a resolution of 640 * 960 pixels version of IPS LCD and they named it as Retina Display because of its brilliant picture quality.
AMOLED
AMOLED is Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode, this technology has grown in recent years, and particulary used by Samsung for its products. This kind of screen consists of a thin layer of organic polymer which lights up when a current is provided to it. These screens are extremely thin, have a simple construction, and don't require any backlight, which saves battery life in phones and tablets.
A PRO TIP:- Just keep the background nearly black and you will save energy :) 
Super AMOLED
These are even advanced version of AMOLED displays, again developed by Samsung. These displays are built with touch sensors on the display itself, ending the need of separate touch senstive layer. So this makes it the thinnest diplay tech on the market. They are more responsive than AMOLED dsiplays.
OLED SCREENS
Organic Light Emitting Diode is considered to be better for battery life as it doesnt use any kind of power to create black. These displays produce vivider colors than LCD and are much brighter and has great viewing angles. Touch response is also very good in these displays. As a consumer we need better performace, vivid colors and much brighter screens. So now OLED displays are "best choice". But these have a shorter life span
Benefits of OLED screens:
Drawbacks of OLED screens:
Which Smartphone SCREEN SHOULD YOU CHOOSE?
In real terms it is quite hard to say whaich one is "better" than the others as laterst displays have very good performing screens. Every display type is unique in its own way and here personal choice plays a vital role. One factor that can affect your decision is cost. OLED screens are more costly, and if you have a limited budget you might not consider these. For this main reason most of the affordable smartphones tend to provide LCD screen which provides us best compromise between value and performance.
2. Pixel Per Inch (PPI) and Resolution
Above we have discussed about different displays, and there are two factors namely Resolution and Pxel Density which decides their cost and quality. Here we refer quality as sharpness of the screen to display content.
We must know what a Pixel Is??
In simple language it is a dot on a display or screen, or it is the smallest element that can be displayed on a screen.
Displays are measured in size, but in this case we only measure the diagonal size and not the horzontal or vertical size of screen. Basically resolution refers to size of display in terms of pixels. For example, your device has a resolution of 800 by 600 pixels, means there are actually 800 pixels horizontally and 600 vertically. So it means a total of 480000 pixels in you device display.
Resolution is just the number of pixels on the display and this property alone does not measure the quality of display.
Many of us are not aware of the importance of pixel density in the screens. It tells about the sharpness and clarity of the screen. The pixel density is measured in PPI(Pixel per inch) which tells of number of pixels present in display. The sharpness increases with pixel density. Higher pixel density means more sharper content on screen.
Pixel Density = Root((Horizontal Number of Pixel^2) + (Vertical Number of Pixel^2))/Screen Size
In the above image the Alphate "A" on the left is displayed with lower resolution whereas the one on the right side displayed with higher resolution which delivers better sharpness
 
The following diagram illustrates the meaning of “pixels per inch”. We’ve considered a hypothetical display that measures 1-inch in each direction. Pixels are shown as a grey square. Starting from the leftmost example, we have a display with just one pixel. The one pixel takes up the entire display. In this example, there’s one pixel for one inch of display. We say the display has a pixel density of 1ppi.
Moving rightwards to the next image, the number of pixels has been doubled in both directions. The pixel density has also doubled to 2ppi. The pattern continues as we move to 4ppi and 8ppi.
As pixel density is increased, the display is able to show more details in an image. The following diagram shows the effect of increasing pixel density. We’ve shown a heart on our one-inch square display. As pixel density is increased to higher ppis, finer details can be seen. The image becomes progressively clear.
A key thing to note is that when pixel density is doubled, the amount of information shown is quadrupled. Taking an example from the diagram above, as we go from 1ppi to 2ppi the pixel density doubles. At the same time, the pixel count quadruples. From 2ppi to 4ppi, we see the same pattern. A doubling of pixel density leads to a quadrupling of pixel count. As we move towards smartphones with a higher pixel density, the amount of information shown increases even faster.
An increased pixel density allows for more deails to be shown. Displays with highe pixel density will give clearer and sharper images
3. Gamut
Most of the companies nowadays are giving their high end models in market with such great specifications with latest SoC high DPI displays and much more RAM. But one of the most misunderstood parts of smartphone is a display's acuracy.
Many people associate larger gamut with better display quality, but taking this logic to the extreme results in extremely unrealistic colors. The truth, as always, lies somewhere in between. Too large or too small of a gamut makes inaccurate color reproduction. This is where a great deal of the complexity lies, as many people can be confused as to why too large of a display gamut is a bad thing. This certainly isn't helped by marketing, which pushes the idea of greater gamut equating to better display quality.
The most important fact to remember is that all of the mobile OSes are not aware of color space at all. There is no true color management system, so the color displayed is solely based upon a percentage of the maximum saturation that the display exposes to the OS. For a 24-bit color display, this is a range of 0-255 for each of the RGB subpixels. Thus, 255 for all three color channels will yield white, and 0 on all three color channels yields black, and all the combinations of color in between will give the familiar 16.7 million colors value that is cited for a 24-bit display. It's important to note that color depth and color gamut are independent. Color gamut refers to the range of colors that can be displayed, color depth refers to the number of gradations in color that can be displayed.
Reading carefully, it’s obvious that at no point in the past paragraph is there any reference to the distribution of said colors. This is a huge problem, because displays can have different peaks for red, green, and blue. This can cause strange effects, as what appears to be pure blue on one display can be a cyan or turquoise on another display. That’s where standards come in, and that’s why quality of calibration can distinguish one display from another. For mobile displays and PC displays, the standard gamut is sRGB. While there’s plenty to be said of wider color gamuts such as Adobe RGB and Rec. 2020’s color space standards for UHDTV, the vast majority of content simply isn’t made for such wide gamuts. Almost everything assumes sRGB due to its sheer ubiquity.
While it may seem that a display with color gamut larger than sRGB would simply mean that sRGB colors were covered without oversaturation, the OS’ lack of colorspace awareness means that this isn’t true. Because the display is simply given commands for color from 0 to 255, the resulting image would have an extra saturation effect. Assuming that the saturation curve from 0 to 255 is linear, not a single color in the image would actually be the original color intended within the color space, and that’s true even within the color space. This is best exemplified by the saturation sweep test as seen below. Despite the relatively even spacing, many of the saturations aren't correct for a target color space.
4. Gorilla Glass
Gorilla Glass is the registered trademark of a specialized toughened glass developed and manufactured by Corning, now in its fourth generation designed to be thin, light and damage-resistant. The company designed the glass for our electronic lifestyles. As we carry around computers, tablets, smartphones, MP3 players and other devices, we risk damaging them through everyday use. Corning's Gorilla Glass stands up to abuse with scratch-/impact-resistant qualities. And Corning's approach allows the glass to be incredibly thin, meaning it won't interfere with capacitance touch screens or add significant weight to a device.
What's Corning's secret? What's so special about Gorilla Glass that sets it apart from other kinds of glass? The answer involves incredible temperatures, a special trough, robots and a molten salt bath. The finished product is a thin piece of glass that can withstand a lot of punishment.
Corning takes the silicon dioxide (SiO2) and combines it with other chemicals before melting it down into a glass melt. The resulting glass is aluminosilicate -- that means the glass contains aluminum, silicon and oxygen. The glass also contains sodium (Na) ions, which becomes important in the next phase of manufacturing.
Corning pours the molten glass into a V-shaped trough but doesn't stop at filling the trough to the top. The company continues to add molten glass until the glass begins to overflow the sides of the trough. Automated robotic arms draw the sheets of glass from the edge of the trough. Each sheet is just over half a millimeter thick.
If you were to use this glass for a screen on your electronic devices, you'd end up with a very clear covering. But it's not damage-resistant like Gorilla Glass -- it's just aluminosilicate glass. To give Gorilla Glass its ability to withstand scratches and cracks, Corning gives these sheets of glass a little bath. Then comes the ion exchange process and after that we get a finished product.
How does Gorilla Glass get into products?
Corning partners with manufacturers and provides Gorilla Glass as part of the product's manufacturing process. The average consumer can't go out and buy a sheet of Gorilla Glass to fit on top of an existing device. In that sense, Corning is an original equipment manufacturer (OEM). The finished product will contain Corning's glass but the finished product will have another company's brand on it.
Because Corning's fusion draw process creates thin sheets of glass that don't inhibit applications like capacitance touch screens, you may see a lot more smartphones and tablets that include Gorilla Glass in their construction. Corning's manufacturing process and the explosion in popularity of portable devices may be timed just right to propel the company to success. Right now company latest Gorilla Glass can be seen on some of the latest devices in market.
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Saturday, July 16, 2016
[Tools, Tips & Tutorials] [MIUI Device Classroom] Lesson 2: All about Phone Screen, PPI, Gorilla Glass || http://goo.gl/6hYhqX ||
[Tools, Tips & Tutorials] [MIUI Device Classroom] Knowing Your Phone Battery and Charging Myths || http://goo.gl/KbXjgH ||
Knowing Your Phone Battery and Charging Myths
Hello MIUIers...
In the previous classes we have learned all about phone screen and processors. In today's class, we are going to learn and answer some questions about phone battery and its charging myths.Okay, let's start with Phone Battery.
Phone Battery
When we see our smartphone's battery, we can see there are some written text like mAh and Li-Ion or Li-Po, actually what are they?
What is mAh that's written on my phone battery?
mAh stands for milliampere hour, which is 1000th of an Ampere hour ( Ah ) and is commonly used to describe the capacity of a battery and how long the battery can be used before it needs recharging. For example Redmi1s with 2000mAh battery mean Redmi1s offers from 2 to 4 hours of battery USEwithout recharge. So don't worry if your Redmi1s runs out of battery within 3 or less than 4 hours SoT, that's normal, pal.
What is Li-Ion or Li-Po which is written on my phone battery?
Yes you're right, that's your phone's battery type. How many phone battery type that you know? Two? Is it Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) and Lithium Polymer (Li-Po)? Yup, both are the common battery type that usually used by phone manufacturer. So what are they? What makes them different?
Let's talk about their Pros and Cons :
Lithium Ion or Li-Ion
Pros :
-Cheaper to manufacture than Li-Po
Cons :
-Heavier
-Requires protection circuit to maintain voltage and current within safe limits.
Lithium Polymer or Li-Po
Pros :
-Moulderable
-Flatter shapes
Cons :
-Expensive to manufacture
-More resistant to overchargeSo, from that Pros and Cons, we can make a conclusion that: Of course Li-Ion can provide large amount capacity but the size of the battery will be larger and become heavier. In the other side, Li-Po can store the same amount of capacity as Li-Ion have with smaller size and lighter wight. With Li-Po, manufacturers are not bound by standard cell formats. With Li-Po, high volume and any reasonable size battery can be produced. The Battery of my father's/mother's/sister's/brother's/grandma's/grandpa's phone isn't removable, which battery type is it? Generally, non-removable batteries are Li-Po, but nowadays, for the sake of slimmer phone design and to improve battery durability, non-removable Li-Ion battery was invented. Now we have removable and non-removable Li-Ion battery, what makes them different? what makes Li-Po and non-removable Li-Ion Battery different? Let's have a look at pictures below : Removable Lithium Ion :  Non-removable Lithium Ion :  Lithium Polymer :  From pictures above, we can see what makes each of them are different, can't we? What makes removable and non-removable Li-Ion battery different is in their connector, other than that they are look quite simillar. From those pictures, we can also see that non-removable Li-Ion battery look more solid than Li-Po, but when we measure the weight (well, you need to borrow your families' or friends phone which is powered by Li-Po battery to measure it like i did..lol), Li-Po is lighter than non-removable Li-Ion. Are we clear so far about phone battery? Hold on, keep your question and opinion for a minute, let's talk about charging myth first... Eng...ing...eng...
Charging Myths
Okay, I think this topic a bit interesting since maybe there are a lot of charging myths that I didn't know, maybe you can write charging myth that you know so we can discuss and find the truth about it.Anyway, here are charging myths that I know :
Myth #1 : "May I use my cellphone while is charging?"
Of course you may use it, that is your phone, no one can stop you...But you should remember this, there are a lot of case that phones explode while charging their phone out there and most of them are charging their phone using third-party charger. It doesn't mean it's totally safe using your phone while charging with original charger, it's just reducing the risk of exploding your phone. One more thing, using your phone while charging may over-heat your phone, put your phone on your cheek, if it feels warm that is yellow light, if it's feel hot that mean red light, you should stop using it and let it charge alone. You may eat while you're running, but you can't do it all the way, you should choose one of them, either to eat first or do the run first.
Myth #2 : "Is it necessary to turn-off my phone?"
Is it? What do you think? You're the owner of your phone, you're the master, you can do anything you want...But again, you should remember this, imagine that your phone is your little brother, he has 24 hours in a day, 7 hours for sleep, 9 hours for work, 3 hours for do sports, 5 hours for hangout with his friends. He keep exactly doing that every day in a week, but he never took a bath even once within that week because he don't know how to take a bath, will you help him to take a bath to refresh his body? if you can answer that question, now you know the answer for this Myth #2.
Myth #3 : "How long should i charge my phone"
It depends on your battery capacity and charger adapter, if you have redmi1s with 2000mAh battery and 1A output charger, theoritically it would take around two hours to fully charge your redmi1s from 0% to 100%, but letting your lithium battery completely depleted to 0% is not recommended. In order to prolong you battery life, you should charge your phone when its capacity is on 30% and discharge it at 80% or 90% then your lithium battery will be happy and will live longer.
Okay, that's the top three charging myths that I know, if you have another one please kindly do comment/reply below...
Okay, that's all for today explanation from me about phone battery and charging myths
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[Tips & Tutorials] MIUI Stable/Developer/Ported/Global /China/Recovery/Fastboot ROMs Explained! || http://goo.gl/wPVoxW ||
Fellow MIUIers,
After seeing many doubts by users about MIUI ROM for China, Global, Fastboot or Recovery, I guess I'll just combine the data from two older threads by our administrator @meredithhan plus some new elements into this all-in-one thread. I hope it helps to explain the doubts and questions you have, before you even have them.
Stable, Developer or Ported: What are the Differences?
Stable ROMs are made by MIUI Official Developers, usually updated once per month, bi-monthly or even longer without a specific update frequency. Stable ROMs are, as the name suggests, the most stable ROM with the least amount of bugs. Users who stick to this ROM usually prefer a stable and bug-free release and doesn't want to try out new features immediately. The nomenclature of MIUI 6 stable version is V6.X.X.0 XXXXXXX, with the first two X representing the version number and the other seven representing the country code and Android Version.
Developer ROMs are also made by MIUI Official Developers but is updated weekly. The usual update changelog and changelog preview you see on the forums are the changelogs for the Developer ROM. Developer ROMs receive new features weekly but are more prone to bugs and thus is not recommended for users who uses only one phone. The nomenclature of the Developer ROM is X.Y.Z, with X representing the year, eg 5 for 2015, Y for month and Z for day. Developer ROMs have incremental ROM pack downloads which contain the services and elements that have been changed rather than the full ROM.
Ported ROMs are made by unofficial or third-party developers and are mostly based on the Developer ROM. They are usually named after the date of release, just like the Developer ROM. Ported ROMs contain much more bugs than Developer ROMs as the ROM it's based on is not made for the device. Users will have to contact the porter to have the bugs solved. Some of the developers will upload incremental ROM packs like the Developer ROM to allow for users to update to the weekly release if they stopped in between the week.
China or Global: Which Should I Use?
Users are often confused whether it's safe to use the China Build for their devices as they fear the compatibility of hardware or software. In fact, you don't have to worry at all, the China Build will work on your phone like a charm, just like the Global Build. The difference between the two builds:
- China Build
- Global Build
Recovery or Fastboot: What are They and How They're Used
Recovery ROM vs Fastboot ROM - The Difference
A Recovery ROM comes in the form of a .zip file while Fastboot ROMs come in the form of a .tgz. Both are used to flash and will achieve the same effect of bringing in a full ROM to the phone, but utilizes two different ways to flash it. Recovery ROMs are usually used to flash the current ROM you're using or to flash an update file. The Fastboot ROM adds in the capability of flashing to an older ROM without much fuss.
Difference Between Fastboot ROM and Recovery ROM files
You can also check the Android version of the ROM via the ROM file name:
Or in Settings > About Phone
- Flashing with Recovery ROM
- Flashing through Updater app:
The process is easy, just place the ROM file in any folder in your phone, then head over to Update app and tap on the three button menu on the top right corner and select "Choose Update Package". After that, the phone will open up Explorer and you just have to locate the file and let it update.
- Flashing through Mi Recovery
Similar to flashing with Updater app, the process involves placing the ROM file in the phone, but rather than placing it in any folder, you'll have to place it in the root folder of your internal storage. After that boot into Recovery by either long pressing Power button + Volume+ button or tap the "Reboot to Recovery mode" button in the Updater app. Once in Recovery, select "Install update.zip to System 1" and the flashing process will initiate right away.
- Flashing with Fastboot ROM
- flash_all will wipe the phone clean before flashing a new ROM into it. All user data, including your personal files, folders and apps will be removed. This script is usually used when users are flashing back to an older ROM or want to start anew.
- flash_all_except_storage will wipe all apps and user data from your phone but leave the files in your internal storage untouched. This script is usually used when users want to flash back to an older ROM or when you want to remove all apps without affecting your personal files.
- flash_all_except_data_storage will just flash in an update without touching your settings, apps, user data or your personal files. This is usually used when users just want to flash to a newer ROM without affecting anything else.
Source (http://en.miui.com/thread-106428-1-1.html)
Friday, July 15, 2016
[Apps] [PORT][5.0+][v2.0] Xperia Z5 Premium Walkman™ | With Clear Audio™ ex
"Discover, enjoy and share
Access all your local and downloaded music in one place. Plus, with Sony’s unique audio technologies including ClearAudio+, Digital Noise Cancelling and High-Resolution Audio on the latest devices, you can listen in outstanding clarity wherever you are."
Z5 Premium WALKMAN Included Features!
• Latest WALKMAN ( Music ) build v9.0.5.0.0 ( that is now white themed! )
• New Material Design and fresh UI
• Clear audio setting | SoundEnhancement
• Clear audio+
• Equalizer preset (such as Rock, Easy Listening, Jazz, etc)
• Manual mode of preset (Custom and User-defined)
• Clear Bass™
• Clear Stereo™
• Clear Phase™
• XLOUD™
• S-force Front Surround
• Surround Sound VPT (Soundstage option)
• Dynamic normalizer
• Visualizer
• Qualcomm bass boost
• Album art
• Adjust background color following album art
• Music control on notification
• Edit Music Info
• Download Music Info
• SensMe™
• Smart PlayList
• Throw function
• DLNA/Media server
• Qualcomm S810 Sound Processing, Virtrualizer, Equalizer, Voice Processing
• All Z5 Sound libs and Processing
Requirements
• Any device running a Lollipop/Marshmallow ROM Based on Android 5.0+
• Recovery
• About 60Mb Free in system
How to install
• Download the Latest Zip version
• Flash it Via recovery
• Wipe Cache/Dalvik
Download
Changelog
Xperia Z5 Premium Wlakman Port v2.0
- Fixed Stuck on starting apps and Bootloops on MarshMallow
- Removed ibaudcal.so, that is file who calibrates system audio, maybe on Z5P It's a bit different, so it is the cause i think of The Volume Bug and the No sound in call. If you faced these problems please Dirty flash your ROM and flash V2.0
- Sound Mod Cleaned of a bit of files.
- Updated Walkmann App To latest Beta
- Moved SoundEnhncement App to priv-app to increase it priority and avoid that the app doesn't change effects on some devices.
- Fixed all Sound effects instability on LP-MM
Xperia Z5 Premium Walkman Port v1.1
- Added the latest walkman Version v9.0.5.0.0 ( that is now white themed! )
- Fixed crashes in Music visualizer
- Added The throw Function
Source (http://en.miui.com/thread-265338-1-1.html)
Screenshots!
[Tools, Tips & Tutorials] [MIUI Device Team] [MIUI 8] Cloned Apps! Run 2 Instances At Once!
[MIUI 8] Cloned Apps! Run 2 Instances At Once!
Hey All Forum Users and MIUI Fanatics!
Hey All Forum Users and MIUI Fanatics!
We know that the alpha test stage on the China ROM for MIUI 8 has been carried out and some Devices have received the initial beta updates for the much awaited update to the MIUI 8.
MIUI as we all have seen during the launches and sneakpeeks is full of new features new UI and much more!.
This thread will introduce you to a very special feature that will blow ur mind and increase your productivity many folds!
The feature I will tell you about is Cloned Apps!
As the name suggests, Cloned apps will basically duplicate the selected app and make a completely independent copy of the app with its own set of Data and Settings!
Super Cool isn't it?
So lets look at the feature!
How to use the Cloned Apps :
Well for an instance here I took Whatsapp since nowadays people have 2 phones and would like to use both the numbers for WhatsApp,
and whatsapp only works as one on one device.
This problem ends here
As you can see the screenshot I enabled the button next to Whatsapp and got a msg "Icon added to homescreen"
Lets go check the Home screen
Now lets go see if the cloned one behaves separately
MIUI as we all have seen during the launches and sneakpeeks is full of new features new UI and much more!.
This thread will introduce you to a very special feature that will blow ur mind and increase your productivity many folds!
The feature I will tell you about is Cloned Apps!
As the name suggests, Cloned apps will basically duplicate the selected app and make a completely independent copy of the app with its own set of Data and Settings!
Super Cool isn't it?
So lets look at the feature!
How to use the Cloned Apps :
- Goto Settings
- Cloned Apps >
- Chose the App you want to Clone...
Well for an instance here I took Whatsapp since nowadays people have 2 phones and would like to use both the numbers for WhatsApp,
and whatsapp only works as one on one device.
This problem ends here
As you can see the screenshot I enabled the button next to Whatsapp and got a msg "Icon added to homescreen"
Lets go check the Home screen
- As you can see in the screenshots below I have 2 whatsapp icons, one has a yellow tag to it which indicates that its the cloned app
Now lets go see if the cloned one behaves separately
- The screenshot below is the one for the primary Whatsapp where you can see my account is logged in
- And now as you can see when I open the Second Whatsapp I get the Screen as if it were a newly installed Whatsapp
Now lets see how to uninstall the cloned apps.
- Goto Settings > Cloned Apps
- Turn off the App using the button next to the App
You will get a screen as follow
- Tap on 'OK' and its done
You will get a message as follows
Thats It!
You are now ready to Make 2 Instances of Apps and use them As you please!
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